Commentary On the Udana's Verses自说经經文評論

kao1306

C

kao1306

自說經簡介

南传上座部佛教的《自說经》（巴利文：Udana），為佛教典籍，此经在上座部佛教的巴利語《巴利大藏经》中收于小部 (佛經)十五尼柯耶第三部。该经主要是叙述佛陀（释迦牟尼）從證得緣起法至入涅槃的一生游行教化。著名的盲人摸象就出於自說經。

結構
全經共有八品, 每品有十篇經, 共八十篇經[1]。
第一菩提品Bodhi Vaggo
1.1 菩提樹 Pathamabodhi Suttam
1.2 菩提樹二Dutiyabodhi Suttam
1.3 菩提樹三Tatiyabodhi Suttam
1.4 榕樹Humhunka Suttam
1.5 婆羅門Brahmana Suttam
1.6 摩訶迦葉Mahakassapa Suttam
1.7 阿闍加勒加Ajakalapaka Suttam
1.8 杉格馬支Sangamaji Suttam
1.9 帶頭巾者Jatila Suttam
1.10 巴希耶Bahiya Suttam
第二目渣連達品Mucalinda Vaggo
2.1 目渣連達Mucalinda Suttam
2.2 國王Raja Suttam
2.3 棍Danda Suttam
2.4 尊敬Sakkara Suttam
2.5 在家人Upasaka Suttam
2.6 懷孕婦人Gabbhini Suttam
2.7 唯一的兒子Ekaputtaka Suttam
2.8 須拔婆莎Suppavasa Suttam
2.9 維莎訶Visakha Suttam
2.10 栢迪耶Bhaddiya Suttam
第三難陀品
3.1 業
3.2 難陀
3.3 雅蘇渣
3.4 舍利弗
3.5 目犍連
3.6 畢陵陀婆蹉
3.7 迦葉
3.8 化緣者
3.9 工藝
3.10 觀世界
彌姬雅品
4.1彌姬雅
4.2騷動者
4.3牧牛人
4.4月光夜
4.5大象
4.6 邊道娜巴
4.7 舍利弗
4.8 宋達利
4.9 烏帕西拿
4.10 舍利弗之二
第五梳那長老品
5.1最愛
5.2短暫生命
5.3篩子佛陀
5.4男孩
5.5佈薩日
5.6 梳拿
5.7 域華達
5.8 阿難
5.9 虐待
5.10 週梨槃陀迦
第六生盲品
6.1 生盲
6.2 外道
6.3 之前有
6.4 外道之一
6.5 外道之二
6.6 外道之三
6.7 蘇布迪
6.8 妓女
6.9 飛入
6.10 出現
第七小品
7.1栢迪雅之
7.2栢迪雅之二
7.3執取欲樂
7.4執取欲樂之二
7.5栢迪雅
7.6 愛欲滅盡
7.7 妄念滅盡
7.8 迦旃延
7.9 井
7.10 烏渧拿
第八栢達利村品
8.1湼槃因緣一
8.2湼槃因緣二
8.3湼槃因緣三
8.4湼槃因緣四
8.5純陀
8.6 柏達利村
8.7 兩段路
8.8 維莎柯
8.9 達寶之一
8.10 達寶之二

與其他聖期的關係
德國學者Hinuber 認為自說經是屬於早期九分教的部份，因此自說經雖是歸入晚期成書的小部，但其內容卻是貼近佛世時代的。他亦認為自說經部份觀點亦可在吠陀及耆那教經典中見到。

http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E8%AA%AA%E7%B6%93

kao1306

have transcended, Not have destroyed.超越，而非摧毀。
@Udana自说经
5."Those who walk ever mindful, who have put away evil, who have destroyed the fetters, the wise ones, These verily in this world are Brahmanas."「弃除邪恶法，而常为正念，摧毀系缚尽，而成为觉者，彼等于此世，实为婆罗门。」
-----The Udâna-I.The Enlightenment自说经-I. 菩提品

http://sacred-texts.com/b ud/udn/udn1.htm

kao1306

Commentary On the Udana's Verses自说经經文評論

Self observed, Not self restrained.觀察，而非約束。
@Udana自说经
I.-4. "He who has put away evil, who is humble, free from impurity, self restrained, versed in knowledge, leading a holy life,That man may be truly called a Brahmana. For him there are no desires anywhere in the world."「任何婆罗门，已除邪恶法，无憍慢之心，亦无污垢秽，約束自己心，修行通吠陀，唯彼婆罗门，得称婆罗门。则于任何处，彼无有渴望。」
-----The Udâna-I.The Enlightenment自说经-I. 菩提品

have transcended, Not have destroyed.超越，而非摧毀。
@Udana自说经
I.-5."Those who walk ever mindful, who have put away evil, who have destroyed the fetters, the wise ones, These verily in this world are Brahmanas."「弃除邪恶法，而常为正念，摧毀系缚尽，而成为觉者，彼等于此世，实为婆罗门。」
-----The Udâna-I.The Enlightenment自说经-I. 菩提品

has observed, Not has subdued.觀察，而非制御。
@Udana自说经
I.-6. "He who cherishes the forsaken and the unknown, who has subdued himself, Who stands firm in the truth, who has destroyed evil, and put away sin, That man I call a Brahmana."「珍愛貧賤，能自制御精勤立，诸惡罪愆除尽者，我称之为婆罗门。」
-----The Udâna-I.The Enlightenment自说经-I. 菩提品

--- (由於中譯版本-自说经-常有錯誤，可信度令人懷疑；以下起不再列中譯，請自行處理) ---

transcends, Not overcomes.
@Udana
II.-1."How sweet the solitude of the peaceful, of him who has heard and perceived the Truth! Happy to be without malice! restraintful towards all beings! Happy are the passion-free! Happy he who overcomes Desire! To have removed the notion 'I am', that is the supreme joy!"
-----The Udâna- II.Mucilinda.

transcendence, Not destruction.
@Udana
II.-2."Whatever of sensual pleasure there may be on earth, or in the kingdom of the gods,It is not worth a sixteenth part of the joy which springs from the destruction of Desire."
-----The Udâna- II.Mucilinda.

to transcend, Not to overcome.
@Udana
II.-7. "The retinue of the gods and the unconverted, Clinging to the joys and delights of form, Depart into the power of the King of Death, To wither and to weep. But those who keep vigil by night and by day, And forsake all that is loveable in form;They truly dig up the root of sorrow, Hard is it to overcome the temptations. That lead unto Death."
-----The Udâna- II.Mucilinda.

is observed, Not is restrained
@Udana
III.-5. "He who is engaged in meditation on the body, Who is restrained as to the 'five realms' of contact, That Bhikkhu, ever tranquil, will realize his own deliverance."
-----The Udâna-III."Nanda".

observes, Not overcomes.
@Udana
IV.-2."He who keeps not watch over his body, Who is under the spell of false doctrines, Who succumbs to sloth and torpor, Such a one passes into the power of the Tempter. But he who keeps watch over his mind, Whose sphere is right thoughts, Who sets ever before him right doctrine, Who knows the 'rise and set' of things, Who overcomes sloth and torpor, That Bhikkhu escapes from all states of punishment."
-----The Udâna-IV."Meghiya."

the unobserved, Not the unrestrained.
@Udana
IV.-8. "The unrestrained pierce others with their words, As one elephant pierces another elephant in battle. When the Bhikkhu, of uncorrupted heart, Hears the utterance of harsh words, He bears them with resignation."
-----The Udâna-IV."Meghiya."

http://sacred-texts.com/bud/udn/index.htm